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26. What is an ideal gas ?A gas which obeys Boyle's law and Charle's law at all temperatures and pressures is called an ideal gas or a perfect gas.27. Write down the perfect gas equation.PV = RT for 1 mole of a gasPV = nRT for n moles of a gas where R is the universal gas constant.28. Give the SI unit of R. It is J moP1 K"1.29. Why gas laws are generally expressed with reference to absolute scale of temperature ?This is because of simplicity in their mathematical forms.30. Give the relation connecting gas constant(/?), Avogadro's number (A^) and the Boltzmann constant (fc)R = KNa)31. A sample of an ideal gas occupies a volume V at a pressure P and absolute temperature 7*. The mass of each molecule is m. If k be the Boltzmann constant then what is the expression for the density p of the gas ?32. Give the dimensional formula of gas constant R.[R] = [ML2T"V2]33. What is an isothermal process ?An isothermal process is origin which the changes in pressure and volume of a given mass of gas take place at constant temperature.34. Which gas law holds good for an isothermal change ? Boyle's law35. What is an adiabatic process ?An adiabatic process is one in which the changes in volume and pressure of a given mass of gas take place such that heat is neither allowed to enter nor leave the gas.36. Will temperature remain constant in an adiabatic change ? \ No. Temperature of the gas undergoes a change. \37. Give an equation which represents an adiabatic change. \ PVy = constant where y = C /C . ■' \' p V \38. What is an isothermal ?A graph of pressure (P) versus Volume (V) for an isothermal process is called an isothermal.39. What is an adiabatic curve ?A graph of pressure (P) versus Volume (V) for an adiabatic process is called an adiabatic curve.40. Isothermals at two different temperatures Tl and T2 of an ideal gas are as shown in the figure. What is the relation between Ty and T2 ?T > T2 V(v Temperature of the isothermal farthest from the origin will be maximum.)41. If an isothermal and an adiabatic curve are drawn on the same scale for the same initial state of a gas, which curve will have a greater slope ?The adiabatic curve is steeper than the isothermal curve. That is, adiabatic curve will have a greater slope.42. Write the equation of state for an ideal gas. PV = nRT for n mole of an ideal gas.43. Write Vander Waal's equation of state applicable for a real gas.P +-^r\(V-b) = nRT where a and b are constants.I V2 J44. What is the effect on the pressure of a gas if it is compressed at constant temperature ?The pressure of the gas increases according to Boyle's law.45. A gas contained in a sealed container is heated up. What is the effect on pressure ? The pressure of the gas increases according to Charle's law.46. When an automobile travels for a long distance the air pressure in the tyres increases. Give reasons.When an automobile travels along a road work is done against the frictional force between the tyres and the surface of the road. The work done is converted into heat which rises the temperature of air inside. Hence air pressure in the tyres increases.47. What is the value of molar gas constant R 1 R = 8.315 J mor'K-*.48. What is the physical significance of molar gas constant R ?It represents the work done or energy supplied in increasing the temperature of 1 mole of a gas through 1 K.49. What happens when a gas is compressed adiabatically ?In the adiabatic compression of a gas, volume decreases while pressure and temperature increase.50. What is the ratio of slope of an adiabatic curve to the slope of an isothermal curve ?Slope of isothermal curve = m, = P Slope of adiabatic curve - m2 = yP•'• m2/mi=Y Two Mark Questions1. Define volume co-efficient and pressure co-efficient of a gas.2. State and explain Boyle's law.3. State and explain Charle's law.4. Explain Kelvin scale of temperature on the basis of Charle's law.5. Why real gases deviate from ideal gases ?6. Evaluate molar gas constant R using perfect gas equation ?7. Give any two characteristics of an isothermal change.8. Give any two characteristics of an adiabatic change.9. Obtain the dimensional formula of R.10. Explain briefly Vander Waal's equation of state. Five Marks Questions1. Explain the two co-efficients of expansion of a gas.2. State Boyle's law and Charle's law. Deduce the perfect gas equation.3. Explain Charle's law and Gay Lussac's law.4. Distinguish between isothermal and adiabatic changes.